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Their ECSTASY makes them aware at the truth that
body is their but they are not body. It is here that the meeting paint takes
place between ‘THE GEETA’ and spiritual love of the lovers. The lovers
considered to such a Devin experience of love is possible anything greater and
higher in love to achieved. It is this experience of ECSTASY which love accepts
as the happiness of god almighty
Works Cited
Name : Nirali
dungrani
Roll no : 30
Enrollment
No:-2069108420180012
Year: 2017-19
M.A. semester :1
Paper no : 1 The
Renaissance literature
Email id :
dungraninirali@gmail.com
Assignment topic :
Metaphysical poetrys of JOHN DONNE.
Submitted
to : smt.S.B.Gardi, Department of English.
Introduction:-
What is
metaphysical poetry?
The term metaphysical or metaphysics in
poetry is the fruit of renaissance tree, becoming over ripe and approaching
pure science. “Meta” means “beyond” and “physics” means “physical nature”.
Metaphysical poetry means poetry that goes beyond the physical world of the
senses and explores the spiritual world. Metaphysical poetry began early in the
Jacobean age in the last stage of the age of Shakespeare.
In other words,it is types
of poetry deling eith abstract or philosophy subject such as a
love,religion,god,beauty,faith and so on.
The term
metaphysics means something supernatural and transcendental. Its sense is 'what
is beyond physical'. It is concerned with fundamental problems of life and
death and soul even after death. The term metaphysical poetry means poetry
dealing with metaphysical subjects. These subjects are - nature of universe,
movements of stars and planets and the whole relationship of man to God
Metphysical poetry occupies
a unique place in the history of English poetry.it was written in the post
Shakespearean era,during the age of Milton.and it continued upyo the beginning
of the restoration age.the main exponants of the metphysical poetry were John
donne,who was the pioneer and the poets who followed Donne’s style of writing
who were George Herbert,Richard Crashaw,abrahum Cowley and Andrew marwell.John
donne and his followers came to be know as the metaphysical school of poetry.
There are certain feature
which differentiate their poetry from the poetry of former poet the following
are the fetures of metaphysical poetry.
i.
All the metaphysical made a conscious attempt to see that
their poetry differs in the style of writing from the style of fprmmer poets
they did not want to follow the footsteps of the Elizabathan age one critic
named Helen.c.white justifies it saying that had they continued writing poetry
in the same manner their poetry would have been rejected by the readers the
reason was printed facility was available,printed literature was available and
so people had cultivated reading habit,and the result was that people werw morw
intwligwnt and so they would have rejected metaphysical poetry.ha dthat been
written in simplw way
ii.
All the metaphysical poets were h=the degree holders,they
werw the men of learnuing and university graduates.they made a conscious
attempt to see that their learning and scholarship are reflected in their
poetry.they were not willing to use the simple diction as it was done by the
former poets they made use of difficult words to exhibit their learning &
scholarship
iii.
It was Dr.Semual Johnson who while writing the life sketch of
Abrahum Cowley used for the first time the term “the metaphysical poetry” for
the poetry of Donne and his school when /Johnson used this word,it was in a
negative sense because he wanted to criticize the poetry of Donne and his
followers later on with the passing of time this word became a word of praise
for the metaphysical poetry.
iv.
Dr.Johnson has higlighted one remarkable draw back of
metaphysical poetry.he mentions that the metaphysical poetry stood a trial of
their figer.but not the trial of their era.in other words “their poetry is
lacking in music and rhythm”D.Johnson discards the metaphysical poetry calling
it artificial.
v.
Almost all the metaohysical poets depended upon the
far-fatched images for their poetry.they selected images from those fields
ehich have nothing common with poetry.images whish they used belong to the
filed of science,engineering,architecture,biology,agriculture,political and
many other fields.far fetched images proved to a remarkable feture.
John Donne
John Donne was born in
1572 in London, England. He is known as the founder of the Metaphysical Poets, a term created by
Samuel Johnson, an eighteenth-century English essayist, poet, and philosopher.
The loosely associated group also includes George
Herbert, Richard Crashaw,Andrew Marvell, and John Cleveland. The Metaphysical
Poets are known for their ability to startle the reader and coax new
perspective through paradoxical images, subtle argument, inventive syntax, and
imagery from art, philosophy, and religion using an extended metaphor known as
a conceit. Donne reached beyond the rational and hierarchical structures of the
seventeenth century with his exacting and ingenious conceits, advancing the
exploratory spirit of his time.
John
Donne was an English poet and cleric in the Church of England. He is considered
the pre-eminent representative of the metaphysical poets.
He is considered the pre-eminent representative of the metaphysical
poets. His works are noted for their strong,
sensual style and include sonnets, love poems, religious poems, Latin translations, epigrams, elegies, songs, satires and sermons. His poetry is noted for its vibrancy of language and
inventiveness of metaphor, especially compared to that of his contemporaries.
Donne's style is characterised by abrupt openings and various paradoxes,
ironies and dislocations. These features, along with his frequent dramatic or
everyday speech rhythms, his tense syntax and his tough eloquence, were both a
reaction against the smoothness of conventional Elizabethan poetry and an
adaptation into English of European baroque and mannerist techniques. His early
career was marked by poetry that bore immense knowledge of English society and
he met that knowledge with sharp criticism. Another important theme in Donne's
poetry is the idea of true religion, something that he spent much time
considering and about which he often theorized. He wrote secular poems as well
as erotic and love poems. He is particularly famous for his mastery of
metaphysical conceits.
John
Donne is unanimously acknowledged as a true metaphysical poet because he made
an unlike conceptual thought against the Elizabethan poetry, showed an
analytical pattern of love and affection and displayed an essence of dissonance
in words and expressions. This paper concentrates on the exploration of the
characteristics of Donne’s metaphysical poetry highlighting extended form of
epigrams, conceits, paradoxes and ratiocinations. Donne in respect of the
manifestation of metaphysical beauty was an unparallel and super ordinate among
all poets such as Richard Crashaw, Henry Vaughan, Abraham Cowley, George
Herbert, Andrew Marvell and many more. Donne, in fact, gave a breakthrough
about the initiation of a new form of poetry-metaphysical poetry. He was natural,
unconventional, and persistently believed in the argumentation and cross
analysis of his thoughts and emotions through direct languages. He also
concentrated on love and religion through intellectual, analytical and
psychological point of view. His poetry is not only scholastic and witty but
also reflective and philosophical.
Quotes
No
man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent.
Any man's death diminishes me,
because I am involved in Mankind; And therefore never send to know for whom the
bell tolls; it tolls for thee.
No spring, nor summer beauty hath
such grace, As I have seen in one autumnal face.
Ø How is Donne's life reflected in his poetry?
well
by observing its Several major events in Donne's life--his marriage, his
conversion to Anglicanism, his wife's early death, illness, and his elevation
to the Deanship of St. Paul's--can be seen in his poetry. In a more complicated
way, one can draw inferences about which religious doctrines Donne may have
been most fascinated by or skeptical about, considering carefully what he
writes when treating various doctrines.
By
looking through his work we also have to look at the aspects of ‘love’,
we all know the mean and also somewhere feel it. Most of the time we imagine by
this nature, rose or the spiritual aspects but in metaphysical poetry we see
other rout, means something unknown things in this presenting matter to
somewhere other experience let’s question it then discuss it.
His best known work of metaphysical
poetry
· The Flea
· Death, be not proud
· Sweetest Love
· The sun rising
· The Dream
· The Ecstasy
The flea
The flea by john donne is a unique
example of the metaphysical poetry.Donne has here used a biological image of
the flea to deal with the theme of love The flea is a far-fatched image to deal
with the theme of love because the theme of love has nothing to do with his
biological image of Flea an isect.in this poem lover tries to conveince his
beloved by giving the example of Flea.The Flea become an image for the
expression of love in the present pome.
The poem is made of three stanzas
and the very first stanza opens with the lovers attempt to conveince his
beloved by giving the example of The
Flea.
Donne’s use far-fatched images to be
found even in the present poem images like Flea,Walls of jet,Cloistered,Nail
and Grudge make this poem a metaphysical poem in real sense of the term
Death,be not proud
Death be not proud is one of the
holy sonnets by John Donne.in the present sonnet Donne wants to shohw that
death is not something to be ofraid of and death is not mighty or powerful
either so there is no need for any person to be afraid of death.
The sonnet opens with poet’s address
to death in which he warns death not to be proud.The poet want to say that
death offers sleep and rest to every person and so joy is to be derived out of
death.and also he say death simply offers rest of body and soul is delivered to
new body so there is no need for anybody to be afraid of death.
The poet here gives one example of
the best people of the world who have also died in course of time.
The
poet concludes the sonnets telling that is should not be proud because
death is nothing except one short sleep and after that short sleeo we get up
ones again with a new body,new life and new enthusiasm.if death is accepted in
such manner,there will not be any death at all and death it self would die.
Sweetest
love
“Sweetest love I do not go”by John
Donne is a poem dealing with the theme of love.the central idea of this poem is
that death can not separated true lovers.Death can only destroy the body of
true lovers their soul can never be separated by death.This truth about love is
presented in this poem.
The poem opens with the lover’s
assurance to beloved that he is going away from her not because he is tired
offen.or because he has found a better person to live life.the lover tries to
convience her not to be sad by giving the example of sun.the sun ehich
disappeard last night has come back this morning aganin and in the same manner
he would come back again to meet her.
Lover says to his beloved in her
company he can easily face the moment to separate him from her their soul will
always be together.
The
sun rising
The sun rising by John donne is a
good example of the metaphysical poetry.this poem deals with the theme of love
and express this thing,Donne makes use of far fetched images.the poem has three
stanzas in it.and each of the three has got in it metaphysical conceits.
The dream
Johan Donne Elegy with the title ‘The Dream’
is about a lovers confession on his love for his beloved and the
different between dream and reality the poem opens with comparison between the
lover’sheart and coin The poet has used image of coin for expression
of love. The way of a coin is impressed With the images of the kings, The
heart is impress the of the image of beloved. The way of images of king a
science value to a coin her images of give a humor a important to his heart.
The lovers says that only though who are weak in these spirit
bother honor he does come for because he believes that her images has
given owner to me.
The Lover going ahead in this confession
Manson that when she goes away is resigning ends there is beginning for the
emperor for fantasy. The love is opinion that fantasy cannot give him the joy
of that height which real present can give. The reason is the joy of given by
fantasy is convenient and proportional the real arrival has the capacity of
giving joy of shock. If the lovers dreams he would like to had the dream about
her real present and not just grimy about. The lovers consider sleep a great
escape from pain because sleep locks the proses of thinking. Then the lover
gets up after his he wake up his sleep he want rape of the end of dream.
In this last stanza very must such idea
and great imagery of lover thing here I put one images this reference of this
idea
He would like to sonnets on his
believing in stand of passing weakling up thought his believing. They consider himself
groom with her love. He would like to be called mood in her love rather than in
an idiot without love of none.
The Estasy
The Ecstasy by Johan
Donne is a poem about define and spiritual experience in love. The pain of love
and his beloved which we find in his poem has reached such a high of love. The
poem is addressed by the lover who describes in detail the experience of
ecstasy love.
Here the poem Donne is great idea of
love and thinking of wonderfully explain that how do you love highly of nature
and impress of life. Both the lover and his beloved set for the whole day on
the bank of a river in the same manner as a bed as always a company of pillow. These
two images in the very opening of the poem qualify the committed – they have
set on the bank of river hand, though no words exchange between the two. Their
four eyes became one and get tide up with an indivisible thread. Both realize
an exchange of words between their souls though body doesn’t speak. The soul of
both speak the same and listen the same and so the lovers find it
difficult to realize what exactly is exchanged between the two both the
knowledge that it is not love of body ,for a body. It is beloved two souls.
Their ECSTASY makes them aware at the truth that
body is their but they are not body. It is here that the meeting paint takes
place between ‘THE GEETA’ and spiritual love of the lovers. The lovers
considered to such a Devin experience of love is possible anything greater and
higher in love to achieved. It is this experience of ECSTASY which love accepts
as the happiness of god almighty
Works Cited
<englishstudyhub.blogspot.in>.
<royhareshwarry.blogspots.in>.
<www.poets.org>.
<www.123helpme.com>.
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